It's a GM 8.2 ten bolt rear, the ring gear diameter is 8.2" and the lack of the protrusions on the top of the casting for the upper control arms say it came out of a Camaro, Nova or other leaf sprung vehicle.
Awesome, thanks for the info. I was told it might be out of a late 60s/early 70s Chevelle, so I suppose its probably true. It's already installed behind a healthy 350 sbc, but nothing crazy. Probably won't see the track or anything.
Not out of a Chevelle, doesn't have the upper trailing arm mounts. Unless they have been cut off and we can't see it from your pictures.
GM used the 8.2 inch 10-bolt in many cars with stock 6 cyl through mild to warm small blocks. Most big blocks received heavier duty rearend. But that 8.2 will probably hold up just fine with street tires. You'll break traction before you break the rearend. Think about how many people use S-10 rearends (7.625 inch ring gear) behind some performance small blocks. They hold up for most part, although I personally think they are too weak. The 8.2 is stronger than the S-10. GM also had an 8.5 inch ring gear 10-bolt, used in years after the 8.2 (approx 70-80's, but some later use). That rearend can take a lot more abuse than the 8.2. All of the 7.625, 8.2 or 8.5 are c-clip style axle retainers.