The pin to piston top is different between a 283 and a 307. A 307 has a shorter pin to top height. If you put a 283 piston on a STD chevy 5.7" rod on a 307 crank, the piston will push out of the top of the cylinder
Both stock bores are 3.875 but I was also told that the pin to deck height differs. The 283 stroke is 3" whereas the 307 has a 3.25" (same as a 327...) I have a '68 307 sitting under the work bench at home that I wondered at one time about having sonic checked and bored to 4" but decided it wasn't worth the effort.